• What's in a Credit Score?

  • Where does your credit score fall into?

  • Improving your Score

  • What's not in your Credit Score

  • ID Fraud & Theft

  • What's in a Credit Score?                

    As you know, credit is all the rage right now and the 
    most talked about financial topic. Who knew that a 
    three digit credit scoring model based on high level 
    mathematics, called algorithms, would become all the 
    rage almost twenty years after it's creation? What I am 
    talking about, of course, is the dreaded F.I.CO. scoring 
    system. You know, the F.I.CO God that watches your 
    every move & determines what you can and cannot do. 
    The system was designed and invented by Bill Fair and 
    Earl Isaac, hence the name Fair Isaac and Company 
    score, in 1956 in San Rafael California, where the 
    company's headquarters still stand. In 1956, however, 
    Al Gore had not invented the internet yet so the 
    scoring model was a very dormant and "before it's time" 
    science. Enter the computer and internet revolution 
    and bingo; automation takes over the lending world! 
    The scoring model was viewed by the banking world as 
    a cost cutting, and therefore, profit enhancing savior, 
    since bank profits were declining due to competition 
    and increased costs. The banks saw this F.I.CO scoring 
    system as one way to get rid of their most costly 
    expenditure, human underwriters. They integrated the 
    scoring system into their automated systems and viola, 
    a system that allows them to underwrite millions of 
    people at a fraction of the cost, and at a much faster 
    pace. This is called economies of scale. Much like what 
    Henry Ford did with the assembly line in auto 
    manufacturing. Today, this scoring system dictates 
    your every financial move and seems to follow you 
    wherever you go, whether it's to rent an apartment, 
    get auto insurance or purchase anything on credit. 
    Bottom line, it's everywhere and will dictate what you 
    can and cannot do and how much it will cost you. If 
    you think you can get away from it and buy everything 
    cash, good luck because for some things like renting a 
    car, you must have a credit card and bingo, you will 
    need to have credit to get credit. Having no credit is 
    almost as bad as having bad credit. Furthermore, most 
    people have no clue what their scores are, how the 
    system works, who to go to in order to correct errors; 
    which, by the way, over 70% of credit reports have 
    errors and 29% of these errors will cause you, the 
    consumer, to get declined when applying for credit. It 
    is a disaster! It's similar to giving a 14 year old kid the 
    keys to a car and expecting him/her not to crash it. 
    You cannot manage what you are not taught. The 
    science is very secretive and not taught. You sort of 
    have to run into the information, and even then, you 
    don't know how 
    accurate the information is. The system is used by 
    banks as a "tell all" of what you have done and who 
    you are as a person (ie.Your character). In the event 
    of any errors showing on your credit report, you are 
    guilty until you prove yourself innocent and that is why 
    identity theft is such a huge problem and epidemic in 
    the U.S., robbing many people of their dignity and hard-
    earned money. 
    
    Now that I have scared you senseless and painted a 
    doom and gloom picture, the good news is that you can 
    educate yourself and learn to tame this wild beast. 
    Here is some ammo for you. Your scores can range from 
    300 to 950 points. Although in my many years of 
    research, I have never seen either end of the 
    spectrum. Once you achieve a 720+ credit score for 
    each of the three credit reporting agencies, which are 
    Equifax, Experian and Trans Union, you are considered 
    platinum! This doesn't mean you cannot get a loan or 
    credit of any type if you have scores below 720, it just 
    means that it will generally cost you more money the 
    lower your scores are. Additionally, here is the 
    breakdown of what makes up your credit scores: 35%= 
    Your payment history, 30%= Amount of debt showing 
    on your credit report, 15%= Your length of credit 
    history, 10%= Type of credit. There is installment 
    credit (ie. Auto and mortgage loans) and revolving 
    credit (ie. Charge and credit cards), 10%= New credit. 
    This category involves new accounts and inquiries. 
    (Hint, when you apply for credit and authorize that 
    institution to pull your credit report, this is called a 
    credit inquiry and this type of inquiry that you authorize 
    when applying, will cause your credit scores to go down 
    an average of 5-22 points!). Makes no sense that we 
    get penalized for just applying, but it's the way it is 
    because the system doesn't want you to take on debt 
    but you must in order to get a score, so it's really a 
    catch 22! 
    
    So there you have it. Follow these guidelines and you 
    will be just fine: 1. Have 2-4 bank credit cards. 2. Pay 
    your bills on time. 3. Do not charge more than 30% of 
    your credit limit. 4. Use your open credit cards at least 
    once every six months. 5. Do not close out credit cards 
    that you have had for over two years. 6. Check your 
    credit at least once a year (this "self check" inquiry will 
    NOT lower your scores). 7. Live below your means and 
    forget about competing with the Jones'. It's a losing 
    battle anyway you look at it! 
    Where does your credit score fall into?		Top

    Improving your Score                                                Top

    Payment History Tips 
    • Pay your bills on time.
      Delinquent payments and collections can have a major negative impact on your score.
    • If you have missed payments, get current and stay current.
      The longer you pay your bills on time, the better your score.
    • Be aware that paying off a collection account will not remove it from your credit report.
      It will stay on your report for seven years.
    • If you are having trouble making ends meet, contact your creditors or see a legitimate credit counselor.
      This won't improve your score immediately, but if you can begin to manage your credit and pay on time, your score will get better over time.

    Amounts Owed Tips 

    • Keep balances low on credit cards and other "revolving credit".
      High outstanding debt can affect a score.
    • Pay off debt rather than moving it around.
      The most effective way to improve your score in this area is by paying down your revolving credit. In fact, owing the same amount but having fewer open accounts may lower your score.
    • Don't close unused credit cards as a short-term strategy to raise your score.
    • Don't open a number of new credit cards that you don't need, just to increase your available credit.
      This approach could backfire and actually lower score.

    Length of Credit History Tips 

    • If you have been managing credit for a short time, don't open a lot of new accounts too rapidly.
      New accounts will lower your average account age, which will have a larger effect on your score if you don't have a lot of other credit information. Also, rapid account buildup can look risky if you are a new credit user.

    New Credit Tips 

    • Do your rate shopping for a given loan within a focused period of time.
      FICOŽ scores distinguish between a search for a single loan and a search for many new credit lines, in part by the length of time over which inquiries occur.
    • Re-establish your credit history if you have had problems.
      Opening new accounts responsibly and paying them off on time will raise your score in the long term.
    • Note that it's OK to request and check your own credit report.
      This won't affect your score, as long as you order your credit report directly from the credit reporting agency or through an organization authorized to provide credit reports to consumers.

    Types of Credit Use Tips

    • Apply for and open new credit accounts only as needed.
      Don't open accounts just to have a better credit mix - it probably won't raise your score.
    • Have credit cards - but manage them responsibly.
      In general, having credit cards and installment loans (and paying timely payments) will raise your score. Someone with no credit cards, for example, tends to be higher risk than someone who has managed credit cards responsibly.
    • Note that closing an account doesn't make it go away.
      A closed account will still show up on your credit report, and may be considered by the score.

    What's not in your Credit Score                            Top

    FICO scores consider a wide range of information on your credit report. However, they do not consider: 
    • Your race, color, religion, national origin, sex and marital status.
      US law prohibits credit scoring from considering these facts, as well as any receipt of
      public assistance, or the exercise of any consumer right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act.
       
    • Your age.
      Other types of scores may consider your age, but FICO scores don't.
       
    • Your salary, occupation, title, employer, date employed or employment history.
      Lenders may consider this information, however, as may other types of scores.
       
    • Where you live.
       
    • Any interest rate being charged on a particular credit card or other account.
       
    • Any items reported as child/family support obligations or rental agreements.
       
    • Certain types of inquiries (requests for your credit report).
      The score does not count "consumer-initiated" inquiries - requests you have made for your credit report, in order to check it. It also does not count "promotional inquiries" - requests made by lenders in order to make you a "pre-approved" credit offer - or "administrative inquiries" - requests made by lenders to review your account with them. Requests that are marked as coming from employers are not counted either.
       
    • Any information not found in your credit report.
       
    • Any information that is not proven to be predictive of future credit performance.

      ID Fraud and Theft                                                Top

      What is identity theft? Identity theft is basically when someone uses your name, Social Security Number, credit cards and other personal information to make purchases, open accounts, take-out loans, buy cars and even get new jobs.

      How can someone steal your identity?

      What can you do if someone steals your identity?

            If someone steals your identity to get
            credit,    are you responsible for the debt
            they run up?

    Related Resources:
    MyFICO.com - FairIsaac & Company's consumer website.

    FreeCreditReport.com  Free credit report from Experian

    Equifax

    TransUnion

    Experian